irangi ry'inganda
Mu isi nini y’inganda, irangi ry’inganda ni nk’umurinzi udacecetse, rifite imikorere n’ubushobozi bwihariye, ku nganda z’ubwoko bwose zifite umwambaro ukomeye wo kurinda. Irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese n’irikomeye rirwanya ingese, nk’inkota ebyiri zityaye, mu bibuga by’intambara bitandukanye, hamwe kugira ngo habeho iterambere rikomeye ry’abaherekeza inganda.
1. Akamaro n'iterambere ry'irangi ry'inganda
- Irangi ry’inganda, nk’igice cy’ingenzi mu rwego rw’inganda, akamaro karyo karagaragara. Kuva ku iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rya kera ry’irangi kugeza ubu, irangi ry’inganda ryagize impinduka nini.
- Mu minsi ya mbere, abantu bakoreshaga cyane cyane ibikoresho karemano nka amavuta y'ibimera, resins karemano mu gukora irangi ryoroshye ryo kurinda ibikomoka ku biti n'ibyuma. Nyuma y'impinduka mu nganda, iterambere ryihuse ry'ibyuma, imashini n'izindi nganda ryashyize imbere ibisabwa byinshi byo gusiga irangi rirwanya ingese. Kubera iyo mpamvu, irangi ritandukanye rya resins ryatangiye kugaragara, kandi imikorere y'irangi ry'inganda nayo yararushijeho kuba myiza cyane.
- Muri iki gihe, irangi ry’inganda ryabaye sisitemu nini y’inganda, rikubiyemo ubwoko bwinshi n’imikorere y’ibicuruzwa by’irangi. Ntirishobora kurinda inyubako z’inganda kwangirika, kwangirika no gusaza gusa, ahubwo rinagira uruhare mu gushariza isura no kunoza agaciro k’ibicuruzwa. Mu nganda zigezweho, irangi ry’inganda rifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoreshwa, burimo gukora imashini, inganda z’imodoka, kubaka amato, peteroli, ingufu z’amashanyarazi n’ibindi.
2, irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese: amahitamo meza yo kurinda buri munsi
Ibintu n'imiterere bifatika bikurikizwa
- Irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese rikoreshwa mu nganda rikwiriye cyane cyane ahantu hasanzwe hameze nk'aho hari ingese nke. Urugero, ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe byo mu nganda, imashini nto, ibikoresho byo mu nzu, nibindi. Ibi bikoresho akenshi biba biri ahantu hahamye, bitewe n'ibintu bike byange, bityo ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu arwanye ingese ni bike.
- Ibiranga irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese ni ugutanga uburinzi buringaniye no guhaza ibyifuzo rusange byo kurwanya ingese mu buryo buhendutse. Akenshi rifite uburyo bwo gufata neza kandi rishobora gushyirwa ku buso bw'ibyuma, pulasitiki, ibiti n'ibindi bikoresho kugira ngo hirindwe kwinjira mu bintu birimo isuri nk'amazi na ogisijeni. Muri icyo gihe, ibara ryoroheje rirwanya ingese rikomoka ku nganda rikungahaye kandi ritandukanye, kandi rishobora kwishyirirwaho hakurikijwe ibikenewe mu bikoresho bitandukanye, ibyo bikaba bitagize uruhare mu kurinda gusa, ahubwo binanongera ubwiza bw'ibikoresho.
- Byongeye kandi, irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese rifite ibyiza byo kwihuta kw'umuvuduko no kubaka byoroshye. Mu nganda zimwe na zimwe nto, mu dushami n'ahandi, bitewe n'umuvuduko w'umusaruro, irangi rigomba kuba rishobora kuma vuba kugira ngo rikoreshwe vuba bishoboka. Irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese rihura n'iki kibazo, rishobora kuma no gukurwaho mu gihe gito, nta ngaruka ku gihe cyo kurikora.
Ibice by'ingenzi n'amahame ya tekiniki
- Ibice by'ingenzi bigize irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese birimo resins, irangi, ibintu byuzuza, ibishongesha n'ibindi. Muri byo, resins ni yo kintu nyamukuru gikora filime y'irangi, ari na yo igena imiterere y'ibanze y'irangi. Resins zisanzwe ni resins alkyd, resins acrylic, resins epoxy n'ibindi.
- Amabara n'ibirungo bigira uruhare runini mu gutwikira, gusiga irangi no kunoza imikorere y'ibirungo. Amabara ashobora guha irangi amabara atandukanye, ariko kandi akanoza ubushobozi bw'irangi bwo guhangana n'urumuri, ubwiyongere bw'ikirere n'indi miterere. Ibirungo bishobora kongera ingano y'ibirungo, kugabanya ikiguzi, ariko kandi bikanoza ubukana bw'ibirungo, ubwiyongere bw'ubudasaza n'indi miterere.
- Akamaro k'umusemburo ni ugushongesha resin n'ibindi bice kugira ngo irangi ribe imiterere imwe y'amazi. Inyongeramusaruro ni ibintu bike byongerwamo kugira ngo binoze imikorere y'igitambaro, nk'ibintu bipima, ibintu bikuraho ifu, ibintu bigabanya ifu, nibindi.
- Ihame rya tekiniki ry’irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese mu nganda ni ukurinda ko ibintu byangiza byinjira mu buryo burambye binyuze mu gukora agapira gakingira ku buso bw’ibikoresho byasizwe. Iyi firime ishobora kuba uruzitiro rufatika cyangwa urwego rutuma ibintu bikomeza guhindagurika. Uru ruzitiro rufatika rukorwa ahanini no kwirundanya kw’amabara n’ibiruzuza kugira ngo bikore agapira gakomeye, bikabuza ibintu byangiza nk’amazi na ogisijeni kwinjira. Uru ruzitiro rutuma ibintu byangiza binyura mu buryo bw’imiti hagati ya resin n’ubuso bwasizwe kugira ngo rukore isano ikomeye ya shimi, runoze uburyo bwo gufatana no kurwanya ingese mu gitambaro.
Uburyo bwo kubaka n'uburyo bwo kwirinda
- Uburyo bwo kubaka irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese mu nganda ni ubworoshye, kandi rishobora kubakwa hakoreshejwe gutera, koza, gusiga irangi n'ubundi buryo. Mbere yo kubaka, ni ngombwa gusukura ubuso bw'ibikoresho bitwikiriwe kugira ngo ukureho imyanda nk'amavuta n'umukungugu kugira ngo irangi rishobore gufatanywa neza n'ubuso.
- Gutera imiti ni bumwe mu buryo busanzwe bwo kubaka irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese. Bishobora gutuma irangi rikwirakwira ku buso bw'ikintu gitwikiriwe, bigatuma irangi rigenda neza kandi rigororotse. Mu gihe cyo gutera imiti, ni ngombwa kwita ku kugenzura igitutu, intera n'inguni y'imbunda itera imiti kugira ngo harebwe ingaruka nziza zo gutera imiti no kuba irangi ringana.
- Gusiga irangi ry'uburoso n'umuzingo birakwiriye ahantu hamwe na hamwe hato cyangwa imiterere igoye. Mu gusukura, ni ngombwa gukoresha irangi ryiza kugira ngo wirinde gutakaza amenyo y'uburoso byagira ingaruka ku bwiza bw'irangi. Mu gusukura irangi, ni ngombwa guhitamo irangi rikwiye no kugenzura umuvuduko n'imbaraga by'irangi ry'uburoso kugira ngo hamenyekane ko irangi ringana.
- Mu gihe cyo kubaka, ni ngombwa kandi kwita ku ngaruka z'ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe bw'ikirere. Muri rusange, ubushyuhe bw'ibara ryoroheje rirwanya ingese mu nganda bugomba kuba hejuru ya 5 ° C, kandi ubushuhe bugomba kuba munsi ya 85%. Iyo ubushyuhe bw'ikirere buri hasi cyane cyangwa ubushuhe buri hejuru cyane, bizagira ingaruka ku muvuduko w'ibara n'imikorere yaryo. Byongeye kandi, mu gihe cyo kubaka, ni ngombwa kandi kwita ku mwuka mwiza kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibintu bishongesha mu irangi bihinduka.
3. irangi rikomeye rirwanya ingese: igihome gikomeye mu bidukikije bikomeye
Ibintu n'imiterere bifatika bikurikizwa
- Iyo ihuye n’ibidukikije bibi cyane byangiza, irangi rikomeye rirwanya ingese ryabaye amahitamo ya mbere. Nk’ubuhanga mu by’inyanja, peteroli, ibiraro binini, aho amashanyarazi ahagarara, amashanyarazi n’ahandi. Aha hantu hakunze guhura n’ibintu bitandukanye bikaze byangiza nka aside ikomeye, alkali ikomeye, spray y’umunyu, ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi, n’ibindi, kandi imikorere y’imyambaro irwanya ingese iba iri hejuru cyane.
- Irangi rikomeye rirwanya ingese mu nganda rifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese. Rishobora kurwanya aside ikomeye, alkali ikomeye, umunyu upfundikiye, ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubushuhe bwinshi n'ibindi bintu bikaze bya ngese. Uburyo bwaryo bwihariye n'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho bituma irangi rikomera cyane kandi riramba, rishobora gutanga uburinzi bw'igihe kirekire kandi bwizewe ku nganda.
- Irangi rikomeye rirwanya ingese rishobora no kurwanya ikirere no kwangirika. Mu gihe cyo gukoreshwa hanze igihe kirekire, rishobora kwihanganira ibintu bisanzwe nk'umuyaga n'izuba, imvura n'urubura, kandi ntibyoroshye kuringiza no kurihinduranya. Muri icyo gihe, rifite ubukana bwinshi n'imbaraga, kandi rishobora kurwanya kwangirika no kwangirika kw'ibikoresho.
- Byongeye kandi, ibara ry'irangi rikomeye rirwanya ingese mu nganda akenshi riba ryoroshye, ahanini ni imvi n'umukara. Ibi biterwa nuko mu kirere kibi cyangiza, ubwiza bw'irangi si cyo kintu cy'ingenzi kibaho, ahubwo hitabwaho cyane uburyo irangi rirwanya ingese kandi rigakomeza.
Ibice by'ingenzi n'amahame ya tekiniki
- Ibice by'ingenzi bigize irangi rikomeye rirwanya ingese birimo resin ifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru, irangi rirwanya ingese, ibintu biyungurura, ibintu bishongesha ibintu n'ibindi. Muri byo, resin ifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru ni yo gice cy'ingenzi cy'irangi rikomeye rirwanya ingese, rigena uburyo irangi rirwanya ingese riramba kandi rigakomeza. Resin zisanzwe zifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru ni epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, fluorocarbon resin n'ibindi.
- Ibara rirwanya ingese ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'irangi rikomeye rirwanya ingese, rishobora kugira uruhare mu kurwanya ingese. Ibara risanzwe rirwanya ingese ni ifu ya zinc, ifu ya aluminiyumu, fosifate ya zinc n'ibindi. Izi rangi zishobora gukora agahu gakomeye gakingira hejuru y'ikintu gitwikiriwe, bikarinda kwinjira kw'ibintu byangiza.
- Inshingano y'umunyungugu ni ukongera ingano y'igitambaro, kugabanya ikiguzi, ariko nanone kunoza ubukana bw'igitambaro, kudashira n'ibindi bintu. Inshingano y'umunyungugu ni ugushongesha resin n'ibindi bice kugira ngo irangi ribe imiterere imwe y'amazi. Inyongera ni ibintu bike byongerwamo kugira ngo binoze imikorere y'igitambaro, nk'ibintu bipima, ibintu bikuraho ifu, ibintu bigabanya ifu, nibindi.
- Ihame rya tekiniki ry’irangi rikomeye rirwanya ingese mu nganda ni ugutanga uburinzi ku bikoresho bitwikiriwe binyuze mu bikorwa bitandukanye byo kurwanya ingese. Icya mbere, irangi rihoraho rigizwe na resin ifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru rishobora gukora nk'uruzitiro rufatika kugira ngo hirindwe kwinjira mu bintu byangiza. Icya kabiri, irangi rirwanya ingese rishobora gukora ku buso bw'ibikoresho byangiza kugira ngo rikore ibintu bihamye birinda ingese. Byongeye kandi, irangi rikomeye rirwanya ingese mu nganda rishobora kandi kunoza imiterere yabyo yo kurwanya ingese binyuze mu buryo bwo kurinda katodike no gukumira ingese.
Uburyo bwo kubaka n'uburyo bwo kwirinda
- Uburyo bwo kubaka irangi rikomeye rirwanya ingese mu nganda buragoye cyane, bisaba itsinda ry’abahanga mu bwubatsi n’ikoranabuhanga rikomeye mu bwubatsi. Mbere yo kubaka, ubusanzwe ni ngombwa gutunganya neza ubuso bw’ibikoresho bitwikiriwe kugira ngo hamenyekane ko ubuso busukuye, bwumye, kandi nta mwanda nk’amavuta arimo. Uburyo bwo gutunganya ubuso burimo gutwika umucanga, guturitsa amasasu, gusiga amavuta, nibindi. Ubu buryo bushobora gukuraho imyanda nka ingese na okiside ku buso bw’ibikoresho bitwikiriwe, no kunoza ubushobozi bwo gufatana no kurwanya ingese ku gipfundikizo.
- Mu gihe cyo kubaka, ibipimo nk'ubugari n'ubugari bw'imvange bigomba kugenzurwa. Amarangi akomeye yo mu nganda arwanya ingese akenshi agomba gushyirwa mu byiciro byinshi, kandi ubugari bwa buri cyiciro bufite ibisabwa bikomeye. Kubaka bisaba gukoresha ibikoresho bya kinyamwuga byo gutera cyangwa gukoresha uburoso kugira ngo irangi rishobore gukwirakwizwa ku buso bw'ibikoresho bitwikiriwe.
- Mu gihe cyo kubaka, ni ngombwa kandi kwita ku ngaruka z'ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe bw'ikirere. Muri rusange, ubushyuhe bw'irangi rikomeye rirwanya ingese mu nganda bugomba kuba hejuru ya 5 ° C, kandi ubushuhe bugomba kuba munsi ya 85%. Iyo ubushyuhe bw'ikirere buri hasi cyane cyangwa ubushuhe buri hejuru cyane, bizagira ingaruka ku muvuduko w'ibara n'imikorere yaryo. Byongeye kandi, mu gihe cyo kubaka, ni ngombwa kandi kwita ku mwuka mwiza kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibintu bishongesha mu irangi bihinduka.
4, Guhitamo no gukoresha irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese n'irikomeye rirwanya ingese
Hitamo ukurikije aho ikoreshwa
- Mu guhitamo irangi ry’inganda, mbere ya byose, ni ngombwa kumenya niba ugomba guhitamo irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese cyangwa iryangiza ingese bitewe n’aho ibikoresho bipfundikiye bikoreshwa. Niba ibikoresho bipfundikiye biri ahantu hato hashobora kwangirika, nko mu nzu, ibikoresho rusange by’inganda, nibindi, ushobora guhitamo irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese. Niba irangi riri ahantu hakomeye cyane hashobora kwangirika, nko mu buhanga bwo mu mazi, mu bucuruzi bwa peteroli n’ahandi, ugomba guhitamo irangi rikomeye rirwanya ingese.
Hitamo ukurikije ibisabwa mu kurwanya ingese
- Inganda zitandukanye zifite ibisabwa bitandukanye kugira ngo zirwanye ingese. Niba ibisabwa mu kurwanya ingese bitari hejuru, ushobora guhitamo irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese. Niba ibisabwa mu kurwanya ingese ari byinshi cyane, ukeneye uburinzi bwizewe bw'igihe kirekire, ugomba guhitamo irangi rikomeye rirwanya ingese.
Hitamo ukurikije ingengo y'imari
- Igiciro cy'irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese mu nganda kiri hasi, inyubako yayo ni yoroshye, kandi ikwiriye imishinga ifite ingengo y'imari nto. Irangi rikomeye rirwanya ingese mu nganda rifite igiciro cyo hejuru kandi rigoye kubaka, ariko imikorere yaryo yo kurwanya ingese ni myiza cyane, kandi rikwiriye imishinga ifite ibisabwa byinshi byo kurwanya ingese kandi imara igihe kirekire.
Isesengura ry'urubanza rw'ikoreshwa
(1) Ibikoresho byo mu nganda zo mu nzu: Ku bikoresho bimwe na bimwe byo mu nganda zo mu nzu, nk'ibikoresho by'imashini, imashini zitera inshinge, nibindi, bitewe n'ibintu bike byangiza, irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese rishobora gutoranywa kugira ngo rikoreshwe mu gusiga irangi. Irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese rishobora gutanga uburinzi buringaniye mu gihe rinanoza ubwiza bw'ibikoresho.
(2) Imashini nto: Imashini nto zikoreshwa mu nzu cyangwa ahantu haciriritse, kandi ibisabwa kugira ngo zirwanye ingese ntabwo ari byinshi. Irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese rishobora gutoranywa kugira ngo rikoreshwe mu gutera cyangwa gukaraba kugira ngo hirindwe ingese ku buso bwa mashini.
(3) Ubwubatsi bw'amazi: Ibigo by'ubuhanga mu by'amazi bimaze igihe kinini biri mu bidukikije by'amazi, kandi bigizweho ingaruka zikomeye n'ibintu byangiza nk'amazi yo mu nyanja, umunyu, n'imiraba. Kubwibyo, irangi rikomeye rirwanya ingese rigomba gutoranywa kugira ngo rikoreshwe mu gusiga irangi. Irangi rikomeye rirwanya ingese rishobora gutanga uburinzi bw'igihe kirekire kandi bwizewe ku bigo by'ubuhanga mu by'amazi kugira ngo bikore neza kandi mu buryo buhamye.
(4) Inganda za peteroli: ibikoresho n'imiyoboro mu rwego rw'inganda za peteroli bikunze guhura n'ibidukikije bibi byangiza nka aside ikomeye, alkali ikomeye, ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi. Irangi rikomeye rirwanya ingese rigomba gutoranywa kugira ngo rikoreshwe mu buryo bwizewe mu bikoresho n'imiyoboro.
5. Iterambere ry'ejo hazaza ry'irangi ry'inganda
Iterambere ry'irangi ry'inganda rirengera ibidukikije
- Hamwe n’uko abantu bakomeje kunoza ubumenyi bwabo ku bijyanye no kurengera ibidukikije, irangi ry’inganda rirengera ibidukikije rizaba ihame ry’iterambere ry’ejo hazaza. Irangi ry’inganda rirengera ibidukikije rigizwe ahanini n’irangi ry’inganda rikomoka ku mazi, irangi rikomeye ry’inganda, irangi ridafite ibirungo n’ibindi. Iri rirangi rifite ibyiza byo kuba imyuka ihumanya ikirere idafite VOC nyinshi (ihindagurika ry’ikirere), idahumanya kandi idafite uburyohe, umutekano no kurinda ibidukikije, kandi rihura n’ibikenewe mu iterambere ry’inganda zigezweho.
Ubushakashatsi n'iterambere ry'irangi ry'inganda rikora neza cyane
- Kugira ngo habeho ibidukikije birushaho kwangirika no gukenera iterambere ry’inganda, ubushakashatsi n’iterambere ry’amarangi y’inganda akora neza bizaba ari byo byibandwaho mu gihe kizaza. Urugero, guteza imbere amarangi y’inganda afite ubudahangarwa bwinshi ku bushyuhe, adahindagurika mu kirere, kandi adahindagurika cyane, ndetse n’amarangi y’inganda afite imikorere yihariye, nk’amarangi agabanya ubushyuhe, amarangi akingira ubushyuhe, n’ibindi.
Gukoresha irangi ry'inganda rifite ubwenge
- Uko ubumenyi n'ikoranabuhanga bikomeza gutera imbere, irangi ry'inganda rikoresha ubwenge naryo rizashyirwa buhoro buhoro mu rwego rw'inganda. Irangi ry'inganda rikoresha ubwenge rishobora gukurikirana ingese y'ibikoresho bitwikiriye n'impinduka mu mikorere y'irangi mu gihe nyacyo binyuze mu byuma bipima n'ubundi ikoranabuhanga, bigatanga ishingiro rya siyansi mu kubungabunga no gucunga inyubako z'inganda.
8. Incamake n'ibyifuzo
Irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese n'irikomeye rirwanya ingese ni nk'inkota ebyiri zityaye mu rwego rw'inganda, buri imwe igira uruhare runini mu mikoreshereze itandukanye. Irangi ryoroheje rirwanya ingese ni rihendutse, ryoroshye gukora, rifite amabara menshi n'ibindi biranga, rikwiriye ahantu horoshye ho kwangirika; Irangi rikomeye rirwanya ingese rifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingese, rirwanya ikirere neza kandi ridashobora kwangirika, rikwiriye ahantu habi cyane ho kwangirika.
Mu guhitamo irangi ry’inganda, ni ngombwa gusuzuma neza aho rikoreshwa, ibisabwa mu kurwanya ingese, ingengo y’imari n’ibindi bintu bitwikiriye ibikoresho. Muri icyo gihe, hamwe no kunoza ubumenyi ku bidukikije no gukomeza gutera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga, irangi ritangiza ibidukikije, rikora neza kandi rifite ubuhanga rizaba ikirangirire mu iterambere ry’ejo hazaza.
Nimureke twitondere guhitamo no gukoresha irangi ry’inganda, kandi duharanire gushyiraho ibidukikije by’inganda birangwa n’umutekano, byizewe kandi binoze. Guteza imbere irangi ry’inganda bizatanga umusanzu ukomeye mu iterambere n’iterambere ry’inganda. Nimureke dufatanye, dukoresheje irangi ry’inganda rifite ireme rihanitse kugira ngo ejo hazaza heza h’inganda!
Ibyerekeye twe
Isosiyete yacukuva kera yakomeje gukurikiza ""ubumenyi n'ikoranabuhanga, mbere ya byose, ubunyangamugayo n'ubwizerwe, gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda mpuzamahanga yo gucunga ubuziranenge ya ls0900l:.2000. Dufite ikoranabuhanga rihamye, dutanga serivisi nziza, twatsindiye kumenyekana ku bakoresha benshi.Nk'umwuga, uruganda rukomeye kandi rusanzwe rw'Abashinwa, dushobora gutanga ingero ku bakiriya bashaka kugura, niba ukeneye irangi ryo mu nganda, twandikire.
TAYLOR CHEN
TEL: +86 19108073742
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Email：Taylorchai@outlook.com
ALEX TANG
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Email : alex0923@88.com
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-09-2024
