Amakuru

irangi ry'ibyuma bitwikiriye

Icyuma ni ubwoko bw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bidashya, gifite imiterere y'imitingito, ihindagurika n'ibindi. Mu buryo bufatika, icyuma ntigishobora kongera ubushobozi bw'imitwaro y'inyubako gusa, ahubwo gishobora no guhaza ibyifuzo byo kwerekana imiterere y'ubwubatsi. Kirinda kandi inenge ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi nka sima bidashobora kunama no kwaguka. Kubwibyo, icyuma cyakunzwe cyane n'inganda z'ubwubatsi, igorofa rimwe, amagorofa menshi, inyubako ndende, inganda, ububiko, ibyumba byo gutegerezamo, ibyumba byo gusohokeramo n'ibindi byuma ni ibisanzwe. Kugira ngo twigire hamwe, ikoreshwa ryairangi ry'ibyumanaicyuma gitangirairangi ni ingenzi.

Gushyira mu byiciro irangi ry'ibyuma

Imyambaro yo mu cyuma ahanini ifite ubwoko bubiri bw'imyambaro yo mu cyuma idashya n'iy'icyuma irwanya ingese.
(A) irangi ritanye n'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma

1. Igitambaro cyoroshye cyane kidapfa gutwikwa n'umuriro

Igiti cy'icyuma cyoroshye cyane kidatwikwa n'umuriro kivuga ku bunini bw'igiti kiri muri mm 3 (harimo na mm 3), ingaruka zo gushushanya ni nziza, gishobora kwaguka ku bushyuhe bwinshi, kandi umupaka wo kurwanya umuriro muri rusange uri mu masaha 2 uvuye ku giti cy'icyuma kidatwikwa n'umuriro. Ubu bwoko bw'igiti cy'icyuma gikingira umuriro muri rusange gishingiye ku binyabutabire, gifite imbaraga zo gufatanya neza, kirwanya ikirere neza kandi kirwanya amazi, gifite ubugari bwiza, gifite imiterere myiza yo gushushanya; Iyo gitwitswe, kirakura buhoro buhoro kandi kigatanga ifuro rinini kandi rikomeye ririnda umuriro. Igiti cy'icyuma kidatwikwa gifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kwirinda umuriro, kigatinza izamuka ry'ubushyuhe bw'icyuma kandi kikarinda neza ibice by'icyuma. Kubaka igiti cy'icyuma cyoroshye cyane kidatwikwa n'umuriro gishobora gusukwa, gusukurwa cyangwa guterwa, muri rusange gikoreshwa mu bisabwa ku mupaka wo kurwanya umuriro mu masaha 2 ku giti cy'icyuma cy'inyubako. Habayeho ubwoko bushya bw'imyambaro y'icyuma idashya cyane kandi irinda umuriro, ifite ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'umuriro bw'amasaha 2 cyangwa arenga, ikoresha cyane cyane polymethacrylate cyangwa epoxy resin ifite imiterere yihariye na amino resin, parafini ya chlorine nk'igikoresho cyo gufunga, ifite ammonium polyphosphate yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, dipentaerythritol, melamine nk'uburyo bwo gukumira umuriro. Dioxyde ya titanium, wollastonite n'ibindi bikoresho birwanya umuriro byongerwa muri 200# solvent oil nk'umusemburo w'umusemburo. Inyubako zitandukanye z'icyuma cyoroshye, imiyoboro, nibindi, zikoresha ubwo bwoko bw'irangi ririnda umuriro mu kurinda umuriro. Bitewe n'imyambaro yoroheje cyane y'ubu bwoko bw'imyambaro irinda umuriro, ikoreshwa ry'imyambaro y'icyuma ikomeye kandi yoroshye igabanya umuriro, bigabanya ikiguzi cyose cy'umushinga, kandi bigatuma icyuma kibona uburyo bwo kurinda umuriro, kandi ingaruka zo kurinda umuriro ni nziza cyane.

Irangi ry'icyuma rikozwe mu buryo bw'icyuma

2. Igikoresho kidakoresha umuriro ku byuma bito bito

Igipfundikizo cy'icyuma gipfundikizo cy'umuriro gikozwe mu cyuma gitwikiriye gisobanura igipfundikizo cy'icyuma gitwikiriye gifite ubugari bwa mm 3, munsi ya mm 7 cyangwa kingana na cyo, gifite ingaruka nziza zo gushushanya, gikura kandi kikagira ubugari ku bushyuhe bwinshi, kandi umupaka wo kurwanya umuriro uri mu masaha 2. Ubu bwoko bw'igipfundikizo cy'icyuma gitwikiriye imiterere y'icyuma muri rusange kigizwe na polymer ikwiye ishingiye ku mazi nk'ibikoresho by'ibanze, hanyuma kigizwe n'uburyo buvanze bw'ibintu bigabanya umuriro, inyongera zigabanya umuriro, insinga zirwanya umuriro, nibindi, kandi ihame ryacyo ryo gukumira umuriro ni rimwe n'ubwoko bworoshye cyane. Kuri ubu bwoko bw'igipfundikizo cy'umuriro, polymer ishingiye ku mazi isabwa gutoranywa igomba kuba ifite uburyo bwiza bwo gufatana, kuramba no kurwanya amazi ku cyuma. Imitako yayo iruta iy'igipfundikizo gikomeye kidashya, iri munsi y'iy'igipfundikizo cy'icyuma gitwikiriye imiterere y'icyuma gitwikiriye imiterere y'umuriro, kandi umupaka rusange wo kurwanya umuriro uri mu masaha 2. Kubwibyo, ikoreshwa cyane mu mishinga yo kurinda inkongi y'icyuma ifite umupaka wo kurwanya umuriro uri munsi y'amasaha 2, kandi ikoreshwa kenshi mu mishinga yo kurinda inkongi y'icyuma. Mu gihe kimwe, yari ifite igice kinini cy’ubwikorezi, ariko bitewe n’uko habayeho irangi ry’icyuma rito cyane ridashobora gushya, isoko ryayo ryagiye risimburwa buhoro buhoro.

3. Igipfukisho cy'icyuma kinini kidakonjeshwa n'umuriro

Irangi rinini rigabanya umuriro mu byuma bivuga ko ubugari bw'irangi burenze mm 7, buri munsi cyangwa bungana na mm 45, ubuso buto, ubucucike buto, ubushyuhe buke, ubushyuhe budahagije, ubushyuhe budahagije bushobora kumara amasaha arenga 2. Kubera ko imiterere y'irangi rinini rigabanya umuriro ahanini ari ibikoresho bidafite umwimerere, imikorere yaryo mu muriro irahamye kandi ingaruka zo gukoreshwa mu gihe kirekire ni nziza, ariko ibice by'irangi ryayo ni binini, isura y'irangi ntabwo ingana, bigira ingaruka ku bwiza bw'inyubako muri rusange, bityo ikoreshwa cyane mu buhanga buhishe mu byuma. Ubu bwoko bw'irangi rigabanya umuriro bukoresha ubuso buto bw'ibikoresho biri mu muriro, ubucucike ni buto, ubushyuhe buragabanuka cyangwa ubushyuhe bufata ibikoresho biri mu gipfundikizo, ibi bitinza izamuka ry'ubushyuhe bw'icyuma kandi bikarinda icyuma. Ubwo bwoko bw'igitambaro kidatwikwa gikozwe mu cyuma gifata amazi (nk'ikirahure cy'amazi, silika sol, aluminium phosphate, sima irwanya ubushyuhe, nibindi), hanyuma kikavangwa n'ibikoresho byoroheje bidafite ubuziranenge bidafite ubuziranenge (nk'ibirungo bya perlite byagutse, vermiculite yagutse, inyanja ikora ku mabuye, amasaro aremba, ivu ry'umuhengeri, nibindi), inyongeramusaruro zigabanya ubushyuhe, imiti n'ibikoresho byo kongera ubushyuhe (nk'ibirungo bya silicate bya aluminiyumu, ubwoya bw'amabuye, fibre ya ceramic, fibre y'ikirahure, nibindi) n'ibindi, bifite ibyiza byo kugabanya ubushyuhe. Gutera imiti akenshi bikoreshwa mu bwubatsi, bikwiriye inyubako z'icyuma zihishe zo mu nzu no hanze zifite imipaka yo kurwanya ubushyuhe irenga amasaha 2, inyubako z'icyuma cyose zirebire n'inyubako z'icyuma zo mu nganda nyinshi. Urugero, umupaka wo kurwanya ubushyuhe w'inyubako z'inyubako ndende, inyubako rusange z'inganda n'iz'icyambu zishyigikiye inkingi nyinshi zigomba kugera ku masaha 3, kandi igitambaro kinini kidatwikwa gikwiye gukoreshwa mu kuzirinda.

(2) irangi rirwanya kwangirika mu cyuma

Irangi rirwanya ingese ku byuma ni ubwoko bushya bw'irangi rirwanya ingese ku byuma byakozwe hashingiwe ku irangi rirwanya ingese rirwanya peteroli. Iri rangi rigabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri bw'irangi rya primer n'iri hejuru, byongeye kandi, urwego rwaryo ni runini, kandi irangi rishobora guhindurwa hakurikijwe amabara atandukanye bitewe n'ibikenewe. Irangi rirwanya ingese ku byuma rikwiriye gukoreshwa mu myanda y'amazi mabi, amazi yo mu nyanja, amazi yo mu nganda, lisansi, peteroli, mazutu, lisansi ya mazutu, gazi n'ibindi bigega byo kubikamo, peteroli, imiyoboro ya gazi, ibiraro, imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi, ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi n'ubwoko bwose bw'ibikoresho bya chimique birinda ingese, rishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu bikorwa byo kurinda ingese.

Ubwa mbere, kunoza imiterere y'icyuma: ni ukuvuga uburyo gikoreshwa mu gutunganya alloy:

Intiti nyinshi z’abanyamahanga zize ku ngaruka z’ibintu bitandukanye bivangavanga ku bushyuhe bw’icyuma ku mazi yo mu nyanja. Byagaragaye ko ibyuma bikozwe muri Cr, Ni, Cu, P, Si na rare earth bifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo kurwanya ingese, kandi kuri iyi ngingo, hakozwe urukurikirane rw’ibyuma birwanya ingese mu mazi yo mu nyanja. Ariko, bitewe n’ubukungu n’ikoranabuhanga, ibintu byavuzwe haruguru ntibikoreshwa cyane mu byuma birwanya ingese mu mazi yo mu nyanja.

Icya kabiri, ikorwa ry'urwego rurinda: ni ukuvuga gutwikira urwego rurinda rutari urw'icyuma cyangwa urw'icyuma:

Urupapuro rw'icyuma rukingira icyuma rukoreshwa cyane cyane mu gutunganya fosfati, okisidasiyo no kuvura passivasiyo y'icyuma gitwikiriwe. Urupapuro rw'icyuma rukingira icyuma rudafite icyuma ahanini ni uruvange rw'irangi, pulasitiki, enamel, amavuta y'ubutare n'ibindi ku buso bw'icyuma kugira ngo habeho uruvange rw'uburinzi. Intego y'uru ruvange rubiri rukingira ni ugutandukanya ibikoresho by'ibanze n'amazi yo mu nyanja, aho kugira ngo bihure n'amazi yo mu nyanja, bityo bibe uburinzi.

Ibyerekeye twe

Isosiyete yacukuva kera yakomeje gukurikiza ""ubumenyi n'ikoranabuhanga, mbere ya byose, ubunyangamugayo n'ubwizerwe, gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda mpuzamahanga yo gucunga ubuziranenge ya ls0900l:.2000. Dufite ikoranabuhanga rihamye, dutanga serivisi nziza, twatsindiye kumenyekana ku bakoresha benshi.Nk'umwuga, uruganda rukomeye kandi rusanzwe rw'Abashinwa, dushobora gutanga ingero ku bakiriya bashaka kugura, niba ukeneye ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bw'irangi, twandikire.