Amakuru

Kumenyekanisha irangi

Mubikorwa remezo na gahunda yinganda zumuryango wa kijyambere, imiyoboro igira uruhare runini. Bameze nkubuhinzi bucece bucece, gutwara bucece, imyuka n'ibintu bitandukanye, byemeza imbaraga, imikorere myiza yumusaruro winganda no korohereza ubuzima bwa buri munsi. Ariko, inyuma yimirimo icecekeye umuyoboro, hariho "umurinzi utagaragara" - umuyoboro utagaragara "- umuyoboro wa pieline, utanga uburinzi bwingenzi kumuyoboro.

1. ibisobanuro n'imikorere ya pipeline

Umuyoboro urangi, nkuko izina ryerekana, ni irangi ryagenewe gukoreshwa hejuru yimiyoboro. Uruhare rwarwo rurenze kurembika no kwandikwa, ariko rujya mu nzego zose zo kurinda imiyoboro no guhitamo.

(1) Kugabanuka no gukumira

Imiyoboro y'icyuma ikunda kuneka no kumera muburyo buhebuje, acide cyangwa alkaline. Ibi ntibizagabanya gusa ubuzima bwa serivisi yumuyoboro, ariko nabwo bushobora kuganisha kumuyoboro watemba, bigatera impanuka zikomeye z'umutekano no kwanduza ibidukikije. Umuyoboro wa pipe urashobora gukora urwego rwumuyoboro kugirango utandukane inzitizi y'ibidukikije, irinde neza ubushuhe, ogisijeni n'ibinyabuzima n'icyuma. Muri bo, abapfumu barwanya ingeso, nk'ubuyobozi butukura, ifu ya zinc, n'ibindi, irashobora kwitwara ku butaka kugira ngo ihamye ihamye, kandi iteze imbere ingaruka zo kurwanya rustti. Muri ubu buryo, umuyoboro wumuyoboro utinda inzira yimbuto n'ingese, kwagura cyane ubuzima bwumuyoboro, kandi bigabanya ikiguzi cyo gusana no gusimburwa kubera kwangirika.

(2) Kuzamura ikirere

Umuyoboro ugaragaramo hanze uhura nikigeragezo cyimiterere itandukanye, ihura ryizuba rizagabanuka, isuri yimvura izacogora, kandi isuri yimvura izacogora, kandi isuri yimvura izacogora, hamwe nububiko bwimvura bizacogora, hamwe nububiko bwimvura bizagabanya ubukonje nubushyuhe bizatera ibikoresho bya pieline kwaguka kandi Kugabanuka, bityo bigira ingaruka ku busugire bw'agafunite. Irangi ryo hejuru ryimiyoboro rifite ubukana buhebuje kandi rishobora gukomeza imikorere ihamye mu mihindagurikire y'igihe kirekire. Kumenyekanisha bidasanzwe bituma birwanya imirasire waltraviolet, gukumira gutwika no kwangirika; Muri icyo gihe, amazi meza atuma imvura itinjira mu ipfundo, irinde kunyeganyega kw'icyuma. Mu gihe cy'itumba rikonje, umuyoboro urashobora kwihanganira ingaruka z'ubushyuhe bwo hasi, utiriwe ucika no gukuramo; Mu mpeshyi ishyushye, irashobora gushyushya neza, kugabanya ubwiyongere bwimbere bwumuyoboro, bityo bigabanya imihangayiko yubushyuhe bwibikoresho no kureba neza imikorere yumuyoboro.

(3) Kumenyekanisha no kuburira

Muri sisitemu igoye, imiyoboro yimigambi itandukanye igomba gutandukanywa namabara agaragara kugirango abakora neza kandi bamenye neza kandi babicunge. Kurugero, imiyoboro ya gazi ikunze gusiga umuhondo kubuza ingaruka zishobora kuba hamwe nibisabwa bidasanzwe; Umuyoboro wumuriro ushushanyije umutuku kugirango barebe ko bashobora vuba kandi bagakoreshwa mugihe cyihutirwa. Byongeye kandi, umuyoboro wa pie urashobora kandi kongera ibimenyetso byo kuburira amaso mu turere duteye imbere, ahantu h'umuvuduko ukabije cyangwa ibice bidasanzwe byo gukora, nk "akaga gakomeye", "ntukoreho". Ibi bimenyetso ntibishobora kwibutsa gusa abakozi kwitondera umutekano, kwirinda imitekerereze, ahubwo batanga amakuru yingenzi yo gutabara abakozi batabaye mugihe cyihutirwa, yihutishije kwivuza kwimibanire, kandi agabanye kubura impanuka.

(4) Kunoza Astethetics

Nubwo ubwiza budakora imirimo yingenzi yo gushushanya imiyoboro, ipfundo risukuye, rimwe, ryiza cyane rirashobora kuzamura isura rusange ya sisitemu. Mu nganda, umuyoboro usanzwe kandi uzinze ubumwe urashobora kwerekana urwego rwo kuyobora nishusho yinganda; Mu turere rusange, nko mumihanda yo mu mujyi, uturere two guturamo, n'ibindi, imiyoboro myiza irashobora kugabanya akajagari kerekana akajagari kandi bigatuma ibidukikije bisukura ndetse no gutumanaho. Byongeye kandi, isura nziza irashobora kongera icyizere cya leta no kunyurwa nibikorwa remezo no kuzamura ireme rusange ryumujyi.

2, ubwoko nibiranga imiyoboro ya pieline

Hano hari amarangi atandukanye, buri kimwe gifite imikorere yihariye nibisabwa kugirango byubahirize ibikenerwa mubibazo bitandukanye mubidukikije bitandukanye nibidukikije.

(1) Irangi rya Anti-Rust

Irangi rya Anti-RUST ni ugutwi kwakoreshejwe cyane kugirango wirinde ingese y'icyuma, kandi ni imwe mu nzira shingiro kurinda imiyoboro. Mubisanzwe birimo pigment idasanzwe hamwe ninyongera, ishobora gukora film yo gukingira hejuru yicyuma, ihagarika umubano hagati ya ogisijeni, ubushuhe n'ibitangazamakuru byangiza, kugirango bibuza neza ibintu bibaye.
Irangi rirwanya ingeso zigabanijwe cyane mubyiciro bibiri: amavuta arwanya amavuta hamwe namashusho ashingiye ku mazi arwanya amazi. Irangi rishingiye kuri peteroli rishingiye kuri Organic nka Dilunt, rifite ibiranga gukama byihuse kandi bitezimbere ibintu byihuta (VOC) bihindagurika (VOC) bihindagurika kubidukikije nubuzima bwabantu, Gukoresha rero bigengwa nibibujijwe. Ibinyuranye, amabara ashingiye ku mazi arwanya amazi akoresha amazi nka dilunt, afite ibyiza byo kurengera ibidukikije, umutekano, kandi ntibyari byoroshye gutwika, no guhura n'ibisabwa n'amabwiriza agezweho y'ibidukikije. Nyamara, igihe cyo kumisha ni kirekire, kandi imikorere yacyo itoroshye irashobora kuba mbi cyane kuruta izo nyama zishingiye kuri peteroli zimwe na zimwe.
Kubijyanye na anti-rust pigment, umurongo usanzwe utukura, ifu ya zinc, zinc fosifate nibindi. Umutuku uyobora anti-rust irangi ryiza ryo kurwanya ingese, ariko kubera ko ubuyobozi butukura burimo kuyobora, byangiza ibidukikije n'umubiri wabantu, buhoro buhoro byagarutsweho. Ifu ya zinc anti-rust irangi ikoresha uburinzi bwa zinc, ishobora gutanga uburinzi burebure bwo kurwanya ibyuma, cyane cyane bikwiranye nibidukikije byo mu nyanja nibindi bihe byangirika. Zinc fosifate anti-rust irangi yitwara hamwe nicyuma kugirango ikore film ihamye ya fosichate, ifite imiterere nziza no kurwanya amazi.

(2) Anti-ruswa

Irangi ryangiza ni ipfundo ryagenewe kurwanya isuri y'ibinyabuzima, kandi igira uruhare runini mu kurinda imiti, Petroleum, kuvura imyanda n'izindi nganda. Dukurikije itangazamakuru ritandukanye, anti-ruswa rirashobora kugabanywamo irangi ryacika, irangi rya Alkali, irangi rya alkali, iminyu irwanya umunyu nubundi bwoko.
Irangi ryacika irwanya acide rikoreshwa cyane mu kurwanya ruswa ry'ibintu bya acide, nka aside sulfuric, aside hydrochloric no. Ibikorwa bikunze kuba birimo ibirego birwanya acide hamwe nuzuza bidasanzwe bikomeza kuba inyangamugayo no gutuza gushimishwa mu bidukikije. Irangi rya Alkali rirwanya ibintu bya alkaline, nka sodium hydroxide, potasiyumu hydroxide, nibindi, ifite ubuhanga bwiza bwa Alkali. Umunyu utera amarangi arwanya ni uguhangana nisukari yumunyu mubice byo ku nkombe cyangwa ibidukikije byimbitse, birinda pigment yihariye hamwe na ruswa hejuru yumuyoboro hamwe na ruswa hejuru yumuyoboro.
Mugihe uhitamo amarangi arwanya ruswa, birakenewe ku buryo bumva ubushyuhe buciriritse, bukora, igitutu nibindi bintu byo gutwara imiyoboro. Kurugero, mumiyoboro yimiti, niba itangwa rinini cyane, ni ngombwa guhitamo irangi rya anticororrorosive hamwe nimbuga zo kurwanya imiti, hanyuma uhitemo ubwoko bwimbitse hamwe na pigment akurikije imiterere yihariye yimiti.

(3) Ipaki yo hejuru yubushyuhe

Mubisobanuro bimwe byinganda byinganda, nko mumiyoboro yubushyuhe, imiyoboro yinganda, moteri yuzuye imiyoboro, nibindi, imiyoboro igomba gukora igihe kirekire mubushyuhe bwinshi. Irangi ryinshi rirwanya ubushyuhe ryatejwe imbere kugirango mpure niki cyifuzo.
Irangi ryinshi rirwanya ubushyuhe rirashobora gukomeza gushikama ubushyuhe bwo hejuru yubushyuhe, nta softening, gutemba, kugwa nibindi bintu. Ibice byayo nyamukuru birimo ibihangano byo kurwanya ubushyuhe bworoshye, pigment yubushyuhe hamwe nibikorwa bikora. Silicone Ipaki yo hejuru yubushyuhe ni ubwoko busanzwe bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi burashobora gukoreshwa igihe kirekire mubushyuhe bwa 200 ° C kugeza 600 ° C. Inorganic Silicon Yubushyuhe Cyangwa na 1000 ° 1000 c, ariko guhinduka kwayo no guhimba ni bikemuke.
Kugirango tumenye ingaruka zubushyuhe bwo hejuru, pretreatment ikomeye isabwa hejuru yumuyoboro mbere yo gukuraho amavuta, ingese na okiside. Muri icyo gihe, mugihe cyo kubaka, kwitabwaho hagomba kwishyurwa kugirango bagenzure ubunini no guhuriza hamwe kwaguka kugirango birinde kubaho kwaho cyangwa binini cyane.

(4) Guhagarika irangi

Ku miyoboro yanduza imbaraga cyangwa ikoreshwa mu bikoresho by'amashanyarazi, nk'ibicuruzwa byo gukingira amashanyarazi, imiyoboro imurika, n'ibindi, imikorere yo kwishura irakomeye. Guhuza irangi birashobora gukora igice cyiza cyo kwigana hejuru yumuyoboro, wirinde kumeneka, no kwemeza imikorere myiza yibikoresho byamashanyarazi.
Guhuza amarangi mubisanzwe bigizwe na synthetic resin, gukemurwa no kwikuramo kuzunguruka, kandi bifite imbaraga nziza zo kurwanya ibihugu, ibikoresho byo kurwanya voltage nubushuhe. Irangi risanzwe ririmo alkyd kwikuramo irangi, polyester kwirinda irangi, epoxy irinda irangi nibindi. Mugihe uhitamo kwikuramo irangi, birakenewe ku buryo bumva ibintu nka voltage ikora, koresha ibidukikije n'ibisabwa mu miyoboro.

(5) Ibara ry'ibidukikije

Hamwe no gutera imbere guhoraho ku isi kurengera ibidukikije, imiyoboro ya gicuti ku bidukikije irangi yabaye iterambere ry'isoko. Ubu bwoko bw'ibiti bugabanya imyuka y'ibinyabuzima (VOC) mu buryo bwo gukora no gukoresha inzira, igabanya umwanda wibidukikije byikirere, kandi nabyo bigabanya ingaruka zubuzima kubakozi n'abakoresha.
Ibara ry'ibidukikije ririmo irangi rishingiye ku mazi, irangi rikomeye kandi rifite amarangi y'ubusa n'undi bwoko. Irangi rya Waterborne rikoresha amazi nka dilunt, ntabwo ririmo umuti wibinyabuzima, ufite ibyiza byo kurengera ibidukikije, umutekano, udashimwa nibindi. Mu kongera ibikubiye mu irangi, gukoresha ibishoboka byagabanutse, bityo bikagabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere. Irangi rya soundvence ni hafi yubusa kandi ifite imitungo myiza yumubiri na shimi, ariko ibisabwa nubwubatsi biri hejuru.
Irangi ry'ibidukikije ntabwo rifite indashyikirwa mu kurengera ibidukikije gusa, imikorere yayo nayo irahora mu kuzamura imiyoboro itandukanye, kandi ifite uruhare rwiza mu iterambere rirambye.

3. Guhitamo amanota ya pipeline

Guhitamo amarangi yiburyo nurufunguzo rwo kwemeza ingaruka zo kurinda no kubaho mubuzima bwumuyoboro. Mugihe uhisemo, ibintu bitari bike bigomba gufatwa nkibisabwa umuyoboro mubidukikije hamwe nakazi.

(A) gukoresha ibidukikije

Imiterere y'ibidukikije yumuyoboro nicyo gitekerezo cyambere muguhitamo irangi rya PIPE. Ibidukikije bitandukanye bifite ibisabwa bitandukanye kubikorwa byo gutora.
Niba umuyoboro washyizwe mu butaka bwo munsi y'ubutaka, nk'imiyoboro y'imyanda, imiyoboro ya gaze yo mu kuzimu, n'ibindi, birakenewe guhitamo irangi n'ubushuhe. Ubu bwoko bwo gushushanya ubusanzwe bufite amazi meza no kurwanya imiti, bikaba bishobora kubuza neza isuri y'amazi n'imiti mubutaka bwo munsi.
Kuberako imiyoboro ihuye hanze, nko hejuru yubushyuhe, imiyoboro ya peteroli, nibindi, bakeneye kwishora mubigeragezo bisanzwe nkizuba, isuri yimvura. Kubwibyo, umuyoboro ushushanya hamwe nibibazo byiza byikirere kandi wambare kurwanya bigomba gutorwa kugirango hamenyekane ko igorofa rigumahoje mu bihe byigihe kirekire.
Niba umuyoboro uri mubushyuhe bwo hejuru, nko gutanura inganda, amashanyarazi yubushyuhe bwibimera, nibindi, hanyuma amarangi yo kurwanya ubushyuhe ni amahitamo meza. Iyi irangi irashobora gukomeza imitungo yumubiri nu miti yimiti ku bushyuhe bwinshi, ibuza umuyoboro mubitabo, ruswa nibindi bibazo bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru.

(B) Ibintu bitwarwa na pipelines

Ibikoresho bitwarwa numuyoboro nabyo bigira ingaruka zikomeye muguhitamo amarangi. Ibintu bitandukanye bifite imitungo itandukanye nimiterere, ishobora gutera ruswa, iseswa cyangwa kwambara hejuru yimyenda.
Niba umuyoboro utwara amazi yangirika, nka acide, alkalis, ibisubizo byumunyu, nibindi, ugomba guhitamo irangi rishingiye kuri anticororive rishobora kwihanganira isuri yibintu bihuye. Kurugero, umuyoboro utwara aside sulfuric igomba gukoresha irangi rya acide, kandi umuyoboro utwara sodiumide yumusaruro wa sodium ukeneye gukoresha irangi rya alkali.
Kubwo kwanduza ibikoresho byaka kandi biturika nka peteroli na gaze karemano, usibye kwizihiza imiyoboro irwanya ruswa hamwe nimikorere myiza yo kurwanya imanza zo gukumira amashanyarazi cyangwa impanuka.
Niba ari ibiryo cyangwa kunywa amazi, guhitamo irangi ni byiza, bigomba gukoresha amarangi adafite uburozi buhuye nubuzima bujyanye nubuzima, kugirango tumenye neza ko ibikoresho byanduye, kugirango birinde ubuzima n'umutekano byabaturage .

(C) Imiterere yubwubatsi

Imiterere yubwubatsi ifite uruhare rutaziguye kubitoranijwe ningaruka zubwubatsi. Uburyo bwo kubaka, guhumeka ahazubakwa, hamwe nibisabwa hejuru yubuvuzi ni ibintu byose bigomba gusuzumwa.
Imiyoboro itandukanye irakwiriye uburyo butandukanye bwubwubatsi. Kurugero, amarangi amwe arakwiriye koza kubera ubushyuhe bwabo bwo hejuru kandi burashobora kumeneka rimwe hejuru yumuyoboro munsi yumuyoboro wa brush; Ibindi bishushanyo birakwiriye gutera kuko bigize icyoroshye, cyane.
Guhumeka kw'urubuga rwubwubatsi nabyo ni ngombwa. Mu bihe bibi bihumeka, gusiga irangi hamwe n'ibintu bito bihindagurika (VOC) bimaze gutoranya kugira ngo bigabanye ibyago ku buzima bw'abakozi bashinzwe ibwubatsi no kwanduza ibidukikije.
Byongeye kandi, ibisabwa kuvura imiyoboro yubusa nabyo bizagira ingaruka kumashusho. Niba ubuso bwa pipeline bugenda bukabije cyangwa hari imyanya nkamavuta, ni ngombwa guhitamo amarangi ashobora kuba atyo ashobora kubahiriza ubuzima bubi, cyangwa kuvura hejuru imbere mbere yo kubaka.

(D) bije

Mugihe uhisemo irangi rya paipe, ingengo yimari nayo ni ikintu kidashobora kwirengagizwa. Igiciro cyubwoko butandukanye hamwe nibirango bya paipe iratandukanye cyane, birakenewe rero ukurikije ingengo yimari iri imbere yo kubahiriza ibisabwa.
Muri rusange, imiyoboro yo hejuru yimiyoboro ihenze cyane, ariko irashobora gutanga ubuzima burebure kandi burinda neza. Niba ingengo yimari igarukira, urashobora guhitamo ibicuruzwa bingana, ariko urebe neza ko imikorere yayo ishobora kuba yujuje ibyifuzo byibanze byumuyoboro.
Muri icyo gihe, birakenewe kandi gusuzuma igiciro cyo kubungabunga amarangi. Amashusho amwe yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, nubwo ishoramari ryambere riri hejuru, rishobora kuba ubukungu mugihe kirekire kubera iherezo ryabo ryiza nubutaka bwo kubungabunga.

4, tekinoroji yubwubatsi yo gushushanya

Gukosora ikoranabuhanga ryubwubatsi niinhuza ryingenzi kugirango hamenyekane ingaruka zo kurinda imiyoboro. Gusa mugukurikiza rwose gahunda isanzwe yo kubaka dushobora kwemeza ko ubuziranenge n'imikorere yinzuki byujuje intego ziteganijwe.

(1) kuvura hejuru

Kuvura hejuru nintambwe yingenzi yo kubaka irangi rya pietiline, kandi ireme rifite ingaruka mu buryo butaziguye kumeneka no kurwara gukingirwa.
Mbere yo kuvura hejuru, ubuso bwumuyoboro bugomba gusukurwa neza kugirango dukureho umwanda nkamavuta, umukungugu, ingese, na okiside. Ku miyoboro yuzuye, uburyo bwo gukuraho ingese busanzwe bukorwa numusenyi, gutora, gusya nubundi buryo. Umucanga ni uburyo busanzwe bwo gukuraho ingese, ikuraho urwego ruto no gukubita hejuru yumuyoboro wijimye, kugirango ubuso bugera kumuvuduko kandi wongere imbaraga zo gupfumba. Gutora ni ugukoresha aside yo gushonga ingese no gushonga hejuru yumuyoboro wo kutabogama no gukaraba nyuma yo gutoranya ibisigazwa bitera umuyoboro wisumbuye. Gusya birakwiriye ku rubavu rwaho cyangwa ahantu hato.
Usibye gukuraho ingeru, birakenewe kandi gukuraho amavuta n'umukungugu hejuru yumuyoboro. Uburyo nko gusukura sodren, Lye isuku cyangwa umuvuduko wamazi menshi yoroheje arashobora gukoreshwa. Nyuma yo kuvura hejuru birangiye, bigomba gusuzumwa mugihe kugirango umenye neza ko ubuso bwumuyoboro bujuje isuku nuburyo bubi.

(2) gukinisha

Mbere yo gukimbira ni inzira yo gutwarwa ibice byumuyoboro bigoye gushushanya, nkabosum, inguni, bolt hamwe.
Bitewe nuburyo bugoye, ibi bice bikunze kubibazo nkibintu byoroshye no guhinga muburyo busanzwe bwo gushushanya, bityo bakeneye gufatwa mbere. Irangi rikoreshwa mu gukinisha rigomba kuba kimwe no gutwarwa cyane, kandi iyubakwa rigomba gukorwa hamwe na brush cyangwa isuni nto kugira ngo ibi bice birinzwe bihagije.

(3) gushushanya

Gushushanya nigice cyibanze cyubwubatsi bwa piepeline, ukurikije ubwoko bwamashusho hamwe nibisabwa byubwubatsi, hitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo gushushanya.
Koge krush nuburyo gakondo Iyo ukoresheje brush, witondere gukomera nubugari bwabasebye, kimwe nubuyobozi n'imbaraga za brush, kugirango umenye ko gutwika ari kimwe kandi ntamene.
Gutinda kuzunguruka birakwiriye ahantu hanini cyane umuyoboro ufise, birashobora kunoza imikorere yubwubatsi, ariko ubunini bwa cote buraryoshye.
Gutinda kuzunguruka birakwiriye ahantu hanini cyane umuyoboro ufise, birashobora kunoza imikorere yubwubatsi, ariko ubunini bwa cote buraryoshye.

Ibyacu

Isosiyete yacuBuri gihe yakoraga mu "'siyanse n'ikoranabuhanga, ubuziranenge bwa mbere, inyangamugayo kandi yizewe, serivisi nziza yo gucunga ubuziranenge.our .Nkibihembo ninzobere hamwe nuruganda rukomeye rwubushinwa, turashobora gutanga ingero kubakiriya bashaka kugura, niba ukeneye irangi, nyamuneka twandikire.